User manual SAS SAS.9.1.3 LANGUAGE REFERENCE DICTIONARY

[. . . ] SAS Publishing ® SAS 9. 1. 3 Language Reference: Dictionary ® Fifth Edition The correct bibliographic citation for this manual is as follows: SAS Institute Inc. SAS ® 9. 1. 3 Language Reference: Dictionary, Fifth Edition, Volumes 1-4. SAS® 9. 1. 3 Language Reference: Dictionary, Fifth Edition, Volumes 1-4 Copyright © 2002-2006, SAS Institute Inc. , Cary, NC, USA ISBN-13: 978-1-59994-098-4 ISBN-10: 1-59994-098-1 All rights reserved. Produced in the United States of America. [. . . ] Informat in SAS National Language Support (NLS): User's Guide NLTIMEw. Informat Reads the time value in the specified locale and then converts the time value to the local SAS time value Category: Date and Time See: NLTIMEw. Informat in SAS National Language Support (NLS): User's Guide NUMXw. d Informat Reads numeric values with a comma in place of the decimal point Category: Numeric Syntax NUMXw. d Syntax Description w specifies the width of the input field. Default: 12 Range: 1­32 d optionally specifies the number of digits to the right of the decimal. If the data contain decimal points, the d value is ignored. Range: 0­31 Details The NUMXw. d informat reads numeric values and interprets a comma as a decimal point. 1082 OCTALw. d Informat 4 Chapter 5 Comparisons The NUMXw. d informat is similar to the w. d informat except that it reads numeric values that contain a comma in place of the decimal point. Examples input @1 x numx10. ; When the Data Line = . . . ----+----1----+ 896, 48 3064, 1 6489 896. 48 3064. 1 6489 The Result is . . . See Also Formats: "NUMXw. d Format" on page 185 "w. d Format" on page 227 OCTALw. d Informat Converts positive octal values to integers Category: Numeric Syntax OCTALw. d Syntax Description w specifies the width of the input field. Default: 3 Range: d 1­24 optionally specifies the power of 10 by which to divide the value. Range: 1­31 Informats 4 PDw. d Informat 1083 Restriction: must be greater than or equal to the w value. Details Use only the digits 0 through 7 in the input, with no embedded blanks. The OCTALw. d informat ignores leading and trailing blanks. It treats all input values as positive (unsigned). Examples input @1 value octal3. 1; Data Lines ----+----1 177 12. 7 Results PDw. d Informat Reads data that are stored in IBM packed decimal format Category: Numeric See: PBw. d Informat in the documentation for your operating environment. Syntax PDw. d Syntax Description w specifies the width of the input field. Default: 1 Range: 1­16 d optionally specifies the power of 10 by which to divide the value. Range: 0­10 Details The PDw. d informat is useful because many programs write data in packed decimal format for storage efficiency, fitting two digits into each byte and using only a half byte for a sign. 1084 PDw. d Informat 4 Chapter 5 Note: Different operating environments store packed decimal values in different ways. However, PDw. d reads packed decimal values with consistent results if the values are created on the same type of operating environment that you use to run SAS. 4 Comparisons The following table compares packed decimal notation in several programming languages: Language SAS COBOL IBM 370 Assembler PL/I Notation PD4. COMP-3 PIC S9(7) PL4 FIXED DEC Examples Example 1: Reading Packed Decimal Data input @1 x pd4. ; When the Data Line* = . . . ----+----1 0000128C 128 The Result is . . . * The data line is a hexadecimal representation of a binary number stored in packed decimal form. Each byte occupies one column of the input field. Example 2: Creating a SAS Date with Packed Decimal Data input mnth pd4. ; date=input(put(mnth, 6. ), mmddyy6. ); Data Lines* ----+----1 0122599C 14603 Results * The data line is a hexadecimal representation of a binary number that is stored in packed decimal form on an IBM mainframe operating environment. Each byte occupies one column of the input field. The result is a SAS date value that corresponds to December 25, 1999. Informats 4 PDJULGw. Informat Reads packed Julian date values in the hexadecimal form yyyydddF for IBM Category: Date and Time Syntax PDJULGw. Syntax Description w specifies the width of the input field. Default: 4 Range: 4 Details The PDJULGw. informat reads IBM packed Julian date values in the form of yyyydddF, converting them to SAS date values, where yyyy is the two-byte representation of the four-digit Gregorian year. ddd is the one-and-a-half byte representation of the three-digit integer that corresponds to the Julian day of the year, 1­365 (or 1­366 for leap years). F is the half byte that contains all binary 1s, which assigns the value as positive. Note: SAS interprets a two-digit year as belonging to the 100-year span that is defined by the YEARCUTOFF= system option. [. . . ] informat 1120 TIMEw. d format 160, 221 compared to HHMMw. d format 160 TINV function 924 TITLE statement 1516 titles customizing with BY variables 1520 customizing with ODS 1520 TITLES option FILE statement 1250 TNONCT function 925 TO= option FILENAME statement 1270 TO statement, compared to LINK statement 1395 TOBSNO= data set option 62 TODAY function 926 TODSTAMPw. informat 1078 TODw. d format 224 TOOLSMENU system option 1744 TOPMARGIN= system option 1745 TRACE command DATA step debugger 1824 trailing @ INPUT statement, list 1364 trailing blanks, trimming 931 trailing plus or minus sign 1123 TRAILSGN informat 1123 training, online 1746 TRAINLOC= system option 1746 transaction class unique identifier for 1156 transaction classes 1140 transaction data sets modifying observations 1419 transaction instances 1140 TRANSCODE= option ATTRIB statement 1197 transcoded variables 1197 MERGE statement with 1198 SET statement with 1197 TRANSLATE function 927 compared to TRANWRD function 929 transport data sets importing 1285 transport engine creating transport libraries with 1286 transport libraries creating with transport engine 1286 transporting data libraries 1286 TRANWRD function 928, 929 compared to TRANSLATE function 928 triangular distribution random numbers 399 triangular distributions, random numbers 837 TRIGAMMA function 931 returning value of 931 TRIM function 931 compared to TRIMN function 933 trimming trailing blanks 931 TRIMN function 932, 933 compard to TRIM function 932 true expressions 616, 618 TRUNC function 934 truncating copied records 1334 TRUNCOVER option INFILE statement 1325, 1332 TUw. informat 1124 two-column format 1254 TYPE= data set option 63 U unaligned data 1366 UNBUFFERED option INFILE statement 1325 uncorrected sum of squares 939 uniform distribution random numbers 401 uniform distributions 446 cumulative distribution functions 446 probability density functions 750 random numbers 838, 935 UNIFORM function 935 UNIQUE option SET statement 1508 MODIFY statement 1412 universal printers filerefs for 1260 Universal Printing enabling 1747 printer designation 1711 Universal Unique Identifier (UUID) 940 UNIVERSALPRINT system option 1747 unsigned integer binary data IBM mainframe format 207 unsigned integer binary data, reading IBM mainframe format 1104 unsigned packed decimal data IBM mainframe format 210 unsigned packed decimal data, reading 1093 IBM mainframe format 1106 unsigned packed decimal format 198 unsigned zoned decimal data IBM mainframe format 220 unsigned zoned decimal data, reading IBM mainframe format 1115 UPCASE function 936 $UPCASEw. informat 1043 UPDATE statement 1524 compared to MERGE statement 1408 UPDATEMODE= argument UPDATE statement 1525 UPDATEMODE= option MODIFY statement 1413 uppercase 936 converting character data to 112 converting character expressions to 936 reading data as 1043 translating input to 1601 UPCASE function 936 $UPCASEw. 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