User manual HANNA INSTRUMENTS HI 83225

[. . . ] Instruction Manual HI 83225 Grow Master for Nutrient Analyses MAN83225R1 04/05 w w w . h a n n a i n s t . c o m www. hannainst. com This Instrument is in Compliance with the CE Directives Dear Customer, Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. Please read this instruction manual carefully before using the meter. This manual will provide you with the necessary information for the correct use of the instrument. If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at tech@hannainst. com. [. . . ] In both cases "SIP" will blink during measurement. POTASSIUM Potassium (K) is essential in proteic synthesis. The problem of lack of potassium is quite frequent in calcareous soils. Potassium is absorbed as K+. PRESENT IN ACTION tissues responsible for the growth of plants (primary and secondary meristems), embryos and cell vacuole · improves the quality of fruits and flowers · gives more resistance both to frost and to diseases caused by fungi (increases the cuticular thickness) · regulates the cellular turgidity (helps to regulate the osmotic processes and increases the resistance to dryness) · regulates the stomatic opening and closing (it means a strong influence on transpiration and photosynthesis) · slower growth · smaller fruits, less colored and less preserved · increase of transpiration · less resistance to the cold · The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of potassium (K) on the Liquid Crystal Display. · To convert the reading to mg/L of potassium oxide (K2O), multiply by a factor of 1. 20. INTERFERENCES The following ions do not interfere below the concentrations reported: Ammonium 10 ppm Calcium 10000 ppm as CaCO3 Chloride 12000 ppm Magnesium 8000 ppm as CaCO3 Sodium 8000 ppm Potassium LR SHORTAGE EFFECTS 46 15 EXCESS EFFECTS · reduced absorption of calcium and magnesium · increase of water consumption · increase of the substrate salinity POTASSIUM LOW RANGE SPECIFICATIONS Range Resolution Accuracy Light Source Method 0. 0 to 20. 0 mg/L 0. 5 mg/L ±3. 0 mg/L ±7% of reading Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 610 nm Adaptation of the Turbidimetric Tetraphenylborate method. The reaction between potassium and reagents causes turbidity in the sample. CALCIUM Calcium (Ca) forms a structural part of the plant cell walls. It helps to build up resistance against fungus and bacteriological attack. PRESENT IN ACTION tissue of cell walls · it gives rigidity or stiffness to plant stems · it stimulates roots growth · neutralizes organic acids like oxalic and succinic acid · regulates the absorption of potassium, magnesium etc. · young leafs become distorted · bud development is inhibited · root tips often die · plant growth stunted with short internodes · no consistent visual symptoms, usually associated with excess carbonates REQUIRED REAGENTS Code HI 93750A-0 A HI 93750B-0 B Description Potassium Reagent Powder Reagent Quantity 6 drops 1 packet SHORTAGE EFFECTS REAGENT SETS HI 93750-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93750-03 Reagents for 300 tests For other accessories see page 56. EXCESS EFFECTS MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE Note: for sample preparation follow the IRRIGATION WATER (LR) procedure at page 19. · Select the program number 10 "Potassium LR" on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM M and L. · Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of sample, up to the mark. 10 mL MAGNESIUM Magnesium (Mg) is essential for the formation of chlorophyll and it stimulates the absorption of phosphorus by plants. PRESENT IN ACTION chlorophyll · it acts similar like calcium · is present in chlorophyll and pectin · it stimulates absorption of phosphourus · interveinal chlorosis which first develops in older leaves · small veins and not green · severe starvation, older leaves shrivel and die · very little information available on visual symptoms SHORTAGE EFFECTS · Add six drops of HI 93750A, replace the cap and swirl the solution. x6 EXCESS EFFECTS · Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove. 16 45 Potassium LR · Wait for a few seconds and the display will show "-0. 0-". Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement. · Add 10 drops of HI 93706A Molybdate reagent. x 10 SULPHUR Sulphur (S) is a constituent of plant proteins and hormones. Plants take up sulphur in the form of sulphate ions (SO42-). PRESENT IN ACTION SHORTAGE EFFECTS proteins, hormones, vitamins and essential oils · plant metabolism · stimulates absorption of atmospheric nitrogen · upper leaves remain small, and curl downward · yellowing of younger leaves · leave symptoms often absent or poor defined · sometimes interveinal yellowing and burning · Add the content of one packet of HI 93706B Phosphorus Reagent B (Amino Acid) to the cuvet. Replace the cap and shake gently until dissolution is complete. EXCESS EFFECTS · reduction of growth and leave size · Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument. · Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 5 minutes and press READ DIRECT. In both cases "SIP" will blink during measurement. · The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus (P) on the Liquid Crystal Display. · To convert the reading to mg/L of phosphate (PO43­), multiply by a factor of 3. 07. INTERFERENCES Calcium above 10000 mg/L as CaCO3 Chloride above 150000 mg/L as Cl­ Ferrous iron above 100 mg/L Magnesium above 40000 mg/L as CaCO3 Sulfide Phosphorus HR 44 17 WATER AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IRRIGATION WATER (LOW RANGE) In agricultural areas it is quite common to find altered values in the chemical composition of irrigation waters. The problem concerns mostly the high nitrate concentration, usually determined by excessive fertilization or irrational liquid manure spreading. The analysis of irrigation waters allows us to find out which are the substances present in major or minor quantity and to organize an advantageous fertilization plan. For example, if the quantity of water utilized for crop cultivation is 250 mm/ha (= 2500000 L/ha) and the nitrate (NO3-) concentration is 150 mg/L (34 mg/L as nitrate-nitrogen NO3-N), soil receives 85 kg/ ha of nitrogen. In choosing type and quantity of fertilizer to be used, it is important to consider this information, in order not to waste fertilizer nor to induce soil pollution. PHOSPHORUS HIGH RANGE SPECIFICATIONS Range Resolution Accuracy Light Source Method 0 to 100 mg/L 1 mg/L ±5 mg/L ±4% of reading Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 525 nm Adaptation of the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th edition, Amino Acid method. [. . . ] · Wait for a few seconds and the display will show "-0. 0-". Now the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement. · Using the other 1 mL syringe, add to the cuvet exactly 0. 5 mL of sample. Note: Note Do not mix up the two syringes! [. . . ]