User manual M-AUDIO PROKEYS SONO 61

[. . . ] Sono 61 User Guide English ProKeys Sono 61 User Guide | 1 Introduction . 4 ProKeys Sono 61 Features Keyboard: . 11 ProKeys Sono as a Standalone Instrument . 12 ProKeys Sono Premium Voice Selection . [. . . ] Once this setting has been made, the Mono button will not only affect the way you hear yourself while recording (monitoring), but also how the signal is recorded by your computer. In this scenario, if the Mono button is active and you are recording to a stereo track in your sequencing software, any mono source (such as a Microphone or a connected instrument) will be recorded to both channels of the stereo track (left and right). As a result, both, the microphone and instrument signals will appear centered between both speakers ­ essentially creating a two-channel mono recording. See the "Mono Input Record Key" portion of the "Advanced ProKeys Sono Functions in Edit Mode" chapter for additional information on this. ProKeys Sono 61 User Guide | 26 The ProKeys Sono Audio Control Panel (Windows Only) The M-Audio ProKeys Sono Control Panel gives you access to certain audio hardware parameters and status displays . When the ProKeys Sono drivers are installed, the Control Panel software is also installed onto your system . The ProKeys Sono Control Panel icon ( ) appears in both the system tray (near the clock) and Windows Control Panel . Double-click the icon to open the ProKeys Sono Control Panel: Latency Latency is defined as the time it takes for audio to pass through your computer and appear at the outputs of ProKeys Sono . This parameter also adjusts the amount of latency when using "virtual instrument" software on your computer . Please see your virtual instrument software's documentation to learn more about this . Smaller buffer sizes result in lower latency, but may not function well with slower computer systems . The Latency slider selects the buffer size that ProKeys Sono uses to handle digital audio streaming . If you notice significant latency when using ProKeys Sono, you can experiment with lower settings . If you experience stuttering or crackling in your audio playback, try using a higher latency setting . Use the slider to adjust the buffer size to the lowest possible setting that still provides error free recording and playback . To find your system's optimum buffer size setting, begin with a high setting and gradually reduce the size until you begin to hear clicks, pops, or other audible glitches in your audio . Then, raise the buffer size setting until these glitches disappear . You may need to stop playing audio any time you change this setting and certain applications will require you to re-launch the program before the new buffer size settings become active . About This tab displays the ProKeys Sono Control Panel, firmware, and driver version, and allows you to connect to the M-Audio website for updates . ProKeys Sono 61 User Guide | 27 Routing MIDI Data to and from your Computer If you are new to MIDI, it may be challenging to understand how your computer and ProKeys Sono "talk" to each other using MIDI as the communication protocol . The fundamental principle to understand is that MIDI is a control protocol--a MIDI connection allows instructions to be exchanged between two devices (such as your ProKeys Sono and your computer), rather than actual audio signals (i . e . In other words, when a key is pressed on the ProKeys Sono keyboard, a MIDI instruction is sent to your computer (or hardware MIDI module) to play a specific note at a specified "velocity" (loudness) . No actual audio signals are transmitted over the MIDI connection . The following image shows an example of a typical MIDI note message as transmitted over a MIDI connection and displayed within a MIDI sequencing application after recording: 4 2 1 3 21 4 5 3 The left side of the image shows a visual representation of a recorded MIDI note in the "Piano Roll" editor of a sequencing application . For many MIDI users, working with MIDI notes that are displayed this way is more intuitive than looking at the bare MIDI data in list form as explained next . [. . . ] Transpose and octave shift are both set back to zero . 10 . A Program Change = 0 message is sent on MIDI channel 1 . Bank Change MSB = 0 and Bank Change LSB = 0 messages are sent on MIDI channel 1 . The Reverb Depth is set back to the default value for the Piano Voice . [. . . ]