User manual ROLAND C-20

[. . . ] Voices already sounding when the Program Change message was received will not be affected. n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * When this message is received, the following controllers will be set to their reset values. Controller Expression Hold 1 Sostenuto Soft Reset value 127 (max) 0 (off) 0(off) 0(off) Local Control (Controller number 122) Status BnH 2nd byte 7AH 3rd byte vvH n=MIDI channel number : 0H - FH (ch. 1 - ch. 16) vv=Value : 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0=OFF 127=ON All Notes Off (Controller number 123) Status BnH 2nd byte 7BH 3rd byte 00H n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * When All Notes Off is received, all notes on the corresponding channel will be turned off. However if Hold 1 or Sostenuto is ON, the sound will be continued until these are turned off. OMNI OFF (Controller number 124) Status BnH 2nd byte 7CH 3rd byte 00H n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * The instrument will behave in the same way as it does when an "All Notes Off" message is received. The mode will be OMNI OFF, POLY(Mode 3). OMNI ON (Controller number 125) Status BnH 2nd byte 7DH 3rd byte 00H n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * The instrument will behave in the same way as it does when an "All Notes Off" message is received. [. . . ] The mode will be OMNI OFF, POLY(Mode 3). OMNI ON (Controller number 125) Status BnH 2nd byte 7DH 3rd byte 00H n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * The instrument will behave in the same way as it does when an "All Notes Off" message is received. The mode will be OMNI ON, POLY(Mode 1). MONO (Controller number 126) Status BnH 2nd byte 7EH 3rd byte mmH n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) mm = mono number : 00H-10H (0-16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received. POLY (Controller number 127) Status BnH 2nd byte 7FH 3rd byte 00H n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received. 2 DIGITAL PIANO Date: Oct 8, 2002 Model:C-20 MIDI IMPLEMENTATION Version System Realtime Message Active Sensing Status FEH * When Active Sensing is received, the unit will begin monitoring the intervals of all further messages. While monitoring, if the interval between messages exceeds 360 msec, the same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off and Reset All Controllers are received, and message interval monitoring will be halted. 2. Transmit Data Channel Voice Messages Note off Status 8nH 2nd byte kkH 3rd byte 40H n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) kk = note number : 0FH-71H (15-113) System Exclusive Message Status F0H F0H ii = ID number : : Data byte iiH, ddH, . . . . . . , eeH Status F7H Note on Status 9nH 2nd byte kkH 3rd byte vvH dd, . . . , ee = data F7H : : System Exclusive Message status an ID number (manufacturer ID) to indicate the manufacturer whose Exclusive message this is. ID numbers 7EH and 7FH are extensions of the MIDI standard; Universal Non-realtime Messages (7EH) and Universal Realtime Messages (7FH). 00H-7FH (0-127) EOX (End Of Exclusive) n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) kk = note number : 0FH-71H (15-113) vv = note on velocity : 01H-7FH (1-127) * Note number's range can be changed with Key Transpose. Control Change Data Entry (Controller number 6, 38) Status BnH BnH 2nd byte 06H 26H 3rd byte mmH llH The System Exclusive Messages received by the C-20 are; Universal Non-realtime System Exclusive messages, and Data Set (DT1). Universal Non-realtime System Exclusive Messages Identity Request Message Status F0H Byte FOH 7EH dev 06H 01H F7H * * Data byte 7EH, dev, 06H, 01H Status F7H n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) mm, ll = the value of the parameter specified by RPN Hold 1 (Controller number 64) Status BnH 2nd byte 40H 3rd byte vvH Explanation Exclusive status ID number (universal non-realtime message) Device ID (dev: UNIT#-1) Sub ID#1 (General Information) Sub ID#2 (Identity Request) EOX (End Of Exclusive) n = MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) vv = Control value : 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0 = OFF, 127 = ON Soft Status BnH (Controller number 67) 2nd byte 43H 3rd byte vvH The "dev" is own device number (UNIT#-1) or 7FH (Broadcast). UNIT# is always the same as the current MIDI Tx/Rx channel. n=MIDI channel number : 0H-FH (ch. 1 - ch. 16) vv=Control value : 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0 = OFF, 127 = ON Data transmission C-20 can transmit and receive the various parameters using System Exclusive messages. The exclusive message of C-20 data has a model ID of 1AH, and device ID is defined by MIDI UNIT NUMBER. UNIT NUMBER is always the same as the current MIDI Tx/Rx channel. Effect 1 (Reverb Send Level) Status BnH 2nd byte 5BH (Controller number 91) 3rd byte vvH n=MIDI channel number : 0H - FH (ch. 1 - ch. 16) vv=Control value : 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0 = OFF, 127 = ON Data set 1 DT1 This is the message that actually performs data transmission, and is used when you wish to transmit the data. Status F0H Byte F0H 41H dev 1AH 12H aaH bbH ddH sum F7H * * * Data byte 41H, dev, 1AH, 12H, aaH, bbH, ddH, sum Status F7H RPN MSB/LSB (Controller number 100, 101) Status BnH BnH 2nd byte 65H 64H 3rd byte mmH llH Explanation Exclusive status ID number (Roland) Device ID (dev: UNIT#-1) Model ID (C-20) Command ID (DT1) Address MSB: upper byte of the starting address of the transmitted data Address LSB: lower byte of the starting address of the transmitted data Data: the actual data to be transmitted. +----------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |Hz at A4| cent | RPN #1 | +----------------+----------------+----------------------------+ | 445. 0 | +19. 56 | 4C 43 (+1603)| | 444. 0 | +15. 67 | 4A 03 (+1283)| | 443. 0 | +11. 76 | 47 44 (+ 964)| | 442. 0 | + 7. 85 | 45 03 (+ 643)| | 441. 0 | + 3. 93 | 42 42 (+ 322)| | 440. 0 | 0 | 40 00 ( 0 )| | 439. 0 | -- 3. 94 | 3D 3D (-- 323)| | 438. 0 | -- 7. 89 | 3A 7A (-- 646)| +----------------+----------------+----------------------------+ Set the tuning of C-20 to A4 = 442. 0 Hz Send RPN#1 to the MIDI Tx/Rx channel. From the above table, the value is 45 03H. If the MIDI Tx/Rx channel is set to ch. 1, below is the message we transmit. B0 64 00 MIDI ch. 1, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H (B0) 65 01 (MIDI ch. 1) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 01H (B0) 06 45 (MIDI ch. 1) upper byte of parameter value: 45H (B0) 26 03 (MIDI ch. 1) lower byte of parameter value: 03H (B0) 64 7F (MIDI ch. 1) lower byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH (B0) 65 7F (MIDI ch. 1) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH CE 08 CnH is the Program Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. Since EH = 14 and 08H = 08, this is a Program Change message with MIDI CH = 15, program number 09 (Strings in C-20). B3 64 00 65 01 06 40 26 00 64 7F 65 7F BnH is the Control Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. For Control Changes, the 2nd byte is the control number, and the 3rd byte is the value. In a case in which two or more messages consecutive messages have the same status, MIDI has a provision called "running status" which allows the status byte of the second and following messages to be omitted. Thus, the above messages have the following meaning. B3 64 00 MIDI ch. 4, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H (B3) 65 01 (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 01H (B3) 06 40 (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of parameter value: 40H (B3) 26 00 (MIDI ch. 4) lower byte of parameter value: 00H (B3) 64 7F (MIDI ch. 4) lower byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH (B3) 65 7F (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH In other words, the above messages specify a value of 40 00H for RPN parameter number 00 01H (Master Fine Tuning) on MIDI channel 4, and then set the RPN parameter number to 7F 7FH (RPN null). Once the parameter number has been specified for RPN, all Data Entry messages transmitted on that same channel will be valid, so after the desired value has been transmitted, it is a good idea to set the parameter number to 7F 7FH to prevent accidents. [. . . ] Thus, the above messages have the following meaning. B3 64 00 MIDI ch. 4, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H (B3) 65 01 (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 01H (B3) 06 40 (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of parameter value: 40H (B3) 26 00 (MIDI ch. 4) lower byte of parameter value: 00H (B3) 64 7F (MIDI ch. 4) lower byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH (B3) 65 7F (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH In other words, the above messages specify a value of 40 00H for RPN parameter number 00 01H (Master Fine Tuning) on MIDI channel 4, and then set the RPN parameter number to 7F 7FH (RPN null). Once the parameter number has been specified for RPN, all Data Entry messages transmitted on that same channel will be valid, so after the desired value has been transmitted, it is a good idea to set the parameter number to 7F 7FH to prevent accidents. This is the reason for the (B3) 64 7F (B3) 65 7F at the end. Example of an Exclusive message and calculating a Checksum Roland Exclusive messages (DT1) are transmitted with a checksum at the end (before F7) to make sure that the message was correctly received. [. . . ]