User manual YAMAHA D80

[. . . ] Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce heat. Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with one wider than the other. A grounding type plug has two blades and a third grounding prong. [. . . ] Proper use of EQ can eliminate interference between instruments in a mix and give the overall sound better definition. Bad EQ--and most commonly bad boost--just sounds terrible. Cut for a Cleaner Mix The fundamental and harmonic frequency ranges of some For example: cymbals have a lot of energy in musical instruments. Cymbal the mid and low frequency ranges that you Piano don't really perceive as musical sound, but which can interfere with the clarity of other Bass Drum instruments in these ranges. You can basically Snare Drum turn the low EQ on cymbal channels all the Bass way down without changing the way they sound in the mix. You'll hear the difference, Guitar however, in the way the mix sounds more Trombone "spacious, " and instruments in the lower Trumpet ranges will have better definition. Surprisingly enough, piano also has an incredibly powerful 20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10 k 20 k (Hz) low end that can benefit from a bit of lowfrequency roll-off to let other instruments-- Fundamental: The frequency that determines the basic musical pitch. notably drums and bass--do their jobs more Harmonics: Multiples of the fundamental frequency that play a role in determining the timbre of the instrument. Naturally you won't want to do this if the piano is playing solo. The reverse applies to kick drums and bass guitars: you can often roll off the high end to create more space in the mix without compromising the character of the instruments. You'll have to use your ears, though, because each instrument is different and sometimes you'll want the "snap" of a bass guitar, for example, to come through. Some Frequency Facts The lowest and highest frequencies than can be heard by the human ear are generally considered to be around 20 Hz and 20, 000 Hz, respectively. Small adjustments to the reverb/delay time can actually have a significant effect on the sound. The optimum reverb time for a piece of music will depend on the music's demo and density, but as a general rule longer reverb times are good for ballads, while shorter reverb times are more suited to up-tempo tunes. Delay times can be adjusted to create a wide variety of "grooves", and you need to select the time that best suits the music. When adding delay to a vocal, for example, try setting the delay time to dotted eighth notes corresponding to the tune's tempo. Reverb Tone Different reverb programs will have different "reverb tone" due to differences in the reverb time of the high or low frequencies, or differences in the overall frequency response of the reverb sound. Always be careful not apply too much reverb, particularly in the high frequencies. In addition to resulting in unnatural sound, excessive high-frequency reverb can interfere with the high frequencies in other parts of the mix. If you can hear more reverb than direct sound in the upper frequency range, try selecting a different effect program. It's always a good idea to choose a reverb program that gives you the depth you want without detracting from the clarity of the mix. D80 Owner's Manual 17 Mixer Basics Making the Most of Your Mixer Compression Have you ever wondered why professionally produced recordings sound so different from your own?There are numerous reasons, of course, but one important factor is the judicious use of compression. One form of compression known as "limiting" can, when properly used, produce a smooth, unified sound with no excessive peaks or distortion. Compression can also be used within a mix to make a voice or instrument seem to come forward, or simply to even out level differences. [. . . ] [-16dBu] ST CH MIC [-16dBu] CH fader [-10dBu] -20dBu -30dBu CH INPUT (PAD ON) GAIN Max. [-34dBu] -40dBu -50dBu -60dBu CH INPUT (PAD OFF) GAIN Max. [-60dBu] ST CH MIC [-60dBu] -70dBu For details of products, please contact your nearest Yamaha representative or the authorized distributor listed below. Pour plus de détails sur les produits, veuillez-vous adresser à Yamaha ou au distributeur le plus proche de vous figurant dans la liste suivante. Die Einzelheiten zu Produkten sind bei Ihrer unten aufgeführten Niederlassung und bei Yamaha Vertragshändlern in den jeweiligen Bestimmungsländern erhältlich. [. . . ]