User manual YAMAHA PSR-225GM

[. . . ] SPECIAL MESSAGE SECTION This product utilizes batteries or an external power supply (adapter). DO NOT connect this product to any power supply or adapter other than one described in the manual, on the name plate, or specifically recommended by Yamaha. Battery Notice: This product MAY contain a small non-rechargeable battery which (if applicable) is soldered in place. The average life span of this type of battery is approximately five years. When replacement becomes necessary, contact a qualified service representative to perform the replacement. [. . . ] While this is being set, the keyboard does not produce any sound. After setting this, make sure to select a different parameter or exit the Function mode before playing the keyboard. 59 AUTO ACCOMPANIMENT -- THE STYLE MODE WHAT IS A CHORD? The simple answer: Three or more notes played simultaneously is a chord. (Two notes played together is an "interval" -- an interval being the distance between two different notes. This is also referred to as a "harmony. ") Depending on the intervals between the three or more notes, a chord can sound beautiful or muddy and dissonant. The organization of notes in the example at left -- a triad chord -- produces a pleasant, harmonious sound. Triads are made up of three notes and are the most basic and common chords in most music. In this triad, the lowest note is the "root. " The root (also called the "tonic") is the most important note in the chord, because it anchors the sound harmonically by determining its "key" and forms the basis for how we hear the other notes of the chord. The second note of this chord is four semitones higher than the first, and the third is three semitones higher than the second. Keeping our root note fixed and changing these notes by a semitone up or down (sharp or flat), we can create four different chords. Major chord (ex. Cdim) Minor 3rd Major 3rd Major 3rd Minor 3rd Major 3rd Major 3rd Minor 3rd Minor 3rd Keep in mind that we can also change the "voicing" of a chord -- for example, change the order of the notes (called "inversions"), or play the same notes in different octaves -- without changing the basic nature of the chord itself. Inversion examples for the key of C G E C C G E E C G Beautiful sounding harmonies can be built in this manner. The use of intervals and chords is one of the most important elements in music. A wide variety of emotions and feelings can be created depending on the types of chords used and the order in which they are arranged. 60 AUTO ACCOMPANIMENT -- THE STYLE MODE WRITING CHORD NAMES Knowing how to read and write chord names is an easy yet invaluable skill. Chords are often written in a kind of shorthand that makes them instantly recognizable (and gives you the freedom to play them with the voicing or inversion that you prefer). Once you understand the basic principles of harmony and chords, it's very simple to use this shorthand to write out the chords of a song. First, write the root note of the chord in an uppercase letter. If you need to specify sharp or flat, indicate that to the right of the root. The chord type should be indicated to the right as well. Examples for the key of C are shown below. Major chord Minor chord Augmented chord Diminished chord C Cm Caug Cdim For simple major chords, the type is omitted. One important point: Chords are made up of notes "stacked" on top of each other, and the stacked notes are indicated in the chord name of the chord type as a number -- the number being the distance of the note from the root. (See the keyboard diagram below. ) For example, the minor 6th chord includes the 6th note of the scale, the major 7th chord has the 7th note of the scale, etc. Dominant 7th (flatted 7th) The Intervals of the Scale To better understand the intervals and the numbers used to represent them in the chord name, study this diagram of the C major scale: Root CDEFGABCDEF 4th 3rd 2nd 5th 6th Octave 7th 11th 9th Other Chords Csus4 C7 Cm7 CM7 5th 4th Dominant 7th Major chord Dominant 7th Minor chord 7th Major chord Cm7b5 Cm6 C(9) Cdim7 * Bbb = A Dominant 7th Diminished chord Minor chord 6th 9th Diminished 7th (double flatted 7th) Diminished chord 61 AUTO ACCOMPANIMENT -- THE STYLE MODE CHORD GUIDE The Chord Guide functions of the PortaTone provide powerful, easy-to-use tools for learning chords and chord relationships. Chord Guide features three different types of operation: Dictionary, Smart, and EZ Chord. · Pressing the CHORD GUIDE button automatically turns on the auto accompaniment. · When you wish to use the Style mode normally without the Chord Guide functions, make sure that OFF is selected. To do this: 1) Press the STYLE button to select the Style mode. 2) Press the CHORD GUIDE button so that a style name is shown in the display (instead of "Dict. , " "Smart, " or "EZ"). Dictionary The Dictionary type is essentially a built-in "chord book" that shows you the individual notes of chords. [. . . ] Wettergrens Gata 1 Box 30053 S-400 43 Göteborg, Sweden Tel: 031 89 34 00 MALAYSIA Yamaha Music Malaysia, Sdn. , Bhd. Lot 8, Jalan Perbandaran, 47301 Kelana Jaya, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: 3-703-0900 BRAZIL Yamaha Musical do Brasil LTDA. Rebouças 2636, São Paulo, Brasil Tel: 011-853-1377 DENMARK YS Copenhagen Liaison Office Generatorvej 8B DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark Tel: 44 92 49 00 PHILIPPINES Yupangco Music Corporation 339 Gil J. Box 885 MCPO, Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines Tel: 819-7551 ARGENTINA Yamaha Music Argentina S. A. [. . . ]